| 变压器铁芯的作用 |
| 添加时间：2017/8/8 20:45:28 浏览次数： |
| 变压器铁芯的作用 The action of transformer core 实际的变压器总是在交流状态下工作，功率损耗不仅在线圈的电阻上，也产生在交变电流磁化下的铁芯中。通常把铁芯中的功率损耗叫“铁损”，铁损由两个原因造成，一个是“磁滞损耗”，一个是“涡流损耗”。 The actual transformer is always working in ac mode, and the power loss is not only in the resistance of the coil, but also in the core of the alternating current magnetization. The power loss in the iron core is usually called "iron loss", and the iron loss is caused by two reasons, one is "hysteresis loss" and the other is "eddy current loss". 磁滞损耗是铁芯在磁化过程中，由于存在磁滞现象而产生的铁损，这种损耗的大小与材料的磁滞回线所包围的面积大小成正比。硅钢的磁滞回线狭小，用它做变压器的铁芯磁滞损耗较小，可使其发热程度大大减小。 The magnetic hysteresis loss is an iron loss caused by the magnetic hysteresis in the process of magnetization. The size of this loss is proportional to the size of the surrounding area of the magnetic hysteresis loop of the material. The magnetic hysteresis loop of the silicon steel is narrow, and the core hysteresis loss of the transformer is smaller, which can make it less hot. 既然硅钢有上述优点，为什么不用整块的硅钢做铁芯，还要把它加工成片状呢？ Since silicon steel has the above advantages, why not use the whole piece of silicon steel to make iron core, but also to process it into a sheet? 这是因为片状铁芯可以减小另外一种铁损——“涡流损耗”。变压器工作时，线圈中有交变电流，它产生的磁通当然是交变的。这个变化的磁通在铁芯中产生感应电流。铁芯中产生的感应电流，在垂直于磁通方向的平面内环流着，所以叫涡流。涡流损耗同样使铁芯发热。为了减小涡流损耗，变压器的铁芯用彼此绝缘的硅钢片叠成，使涡流在狭长形的回路中，通过较小的截面，以增大涡流通路上的电阻；同时，硅钢中的硅使材料的电阻率增大，也起到减小涡流的作用。 This is because the chip core can reduce another type of iron loss - "eddy current loss". When the transformer works, the coil has alternating current, and the flux of the transformer is of course alternating. The flux of this change generates an inductive current in the core. The induction current generated in the core is circulated in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the flux, so it is called vortex. Eddy current loss also causes iron core heating. In order to reduce the eddy current loss, the core of the transformer is folded into a silicon steel plate insulated from each other, so that the vortex is in a long, narrow loop through a smaller cross section to increase the resistance on the eddy current path. At the same time, silicon in silicon steel increases the resistivity of the material and also reduces the eddy current. |
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